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1994 F150 4x4 project including adding a turbo

n8in8or

I never met a project I didn’t like
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Well, here I am with another Ford truck project.....sorry guys. I have some GM projects coming up, but for now it's a couple Ford projects.

A little background on the truck. I bought it back in 2006 from a co-worker after he drove it over the front of a Saturn that pulled out in front of him. The suspension on the right front corner was trashed, but the frame was still good and other than the front bumper the body was pretty good too. The truck was 2 wheel drive, but I found out that 4 wheel drive parts were a direct bolt-in, so that was the route I went. I put the truck together, made sure all the wear parts were replaced and 2 weeks later drove it to Seattle and back from Michigan. The truck worked flawlessly other than being super doggy from the combination of the lo-po 300 6 cylinder, 3.36:1 gears and 31" tires. Shortly after that I swapped in axles with 3.55 gears and that helped, but it was still a dog......it was what it was. I drove it like that for the next 4.5 years as a daily driver and trailer hauler. It was always reliable for me. After that I got a different daily driver so the F150 became a typical pickup that was just used when something needed to be carried, but no matter what, I could always walk out and count on it starting up and doing what I asked.

Fast forward to 2017: the truck in my other project thread (the 1990 F350) was supposed to replace the F150 and I was going to finally sell the truck. I wanted to get a Bronco to use as an off road toy, but my brother convinced me to try using the F150 since I knew everything about the truck. So last fall I got some good mud terrain tires and decided to give it a go. First outing was just some 2 tracks in the woods with a little mud in low spots - not much of a challenge, but still fun. Then we had a warm snap in early December and we hit a local off road park.....what a blast!!! The truck did pretty well for what it is and I look forward to more. Unfortunately the trip was cut short when I got a little too ambitious with some deep water (oops, I forgot the intake snorkel was behind the grill on this truck and when the water rushes over the bumper guess where it's gonna go???). Luckily taking the plugs out and cranking the engine to pump the water out was all I needed to do in order to drive 35 miles home - these 300s are tough!

So now it's time to make the truck a project. I plan to always have this truck....it's just too darn handy not to keep it, but I am going to do some upgrades to make it more fun to drive and to make it more capable off road - yet I don't want to go too far so that I can't use it to move brush and stuff around the yard. Here are the ideas so far:
Mild lift - looking at a 4" front/3" rear lift. I want to try making my own tubular, extended radius arms. I'll still run the 31s I have on the truck now, but maybe I'll put 33s on it in the future.
Rear locker - looking at a Spartan lunchbox locker.
Front locker? - I would love to have a Spartan in the front, but I do drive the truck in the snow sometimes so I'm not sure on this one. Maybe I can drive it on the roads with just 1 hub engaged???
Gears? - I have a set of axles with 4.11 gears that I can bolt in, but the developing engine plans have be re-thinking that.

Engine - Well this is ever-evolving. I have had a cam for the engine since 2007 that I never installed. It is a mild Crane cam that helps torque and is still computer compatible. I think the head gasket is going bad so the thought was to yank the head and also do the cam swap. Since I had to take the head off I might as well do some porting, right? Well I happened to find a complete 1995 engine a couple hours from me for $125 supposedly with a bad rear main seal - perfect for a cylinder head core. So I got the engine home and tore it down - it was missing the #6 spark plug and fuel injector, so it was going to be interesting to see what was going on there. Everything looked fine inside, but the oil pan had a ton of gas in it, so I'd guess that the injector went bad and filled the engine with gas. The cylinders look ok and the crank journals are within spec so it had me thinking about doing a full engine rebuild.

So I joined fordsix.com so I could learn more about these engines. In the meantime I started porting the head, which was fun. Well wouldn't you know, I start hanging out on the forum and I get a bad case of forumitis! I had to have a turbo on it! I've always thought it would be a good turbo candidate with the tough short block and low-ish compression, so reading about some turbo builds just amplified those already lingering thoughts. So now it's on: a full-on turbo build. I'm trying to keep it a budget build since it's just a little side project, but the project is ever-evolving depending on how invasive my case of forumitis becomes. I will update this thread as I make more progress.

I'm going to switch to my phone now since it's easier to upload pics from it. I have a few to show the truck and what progress I've made so far. Enjoy.
 
Here are some pics from the trip to Rouch Off Road.

I made a front tow point before the trip. Good thing!! That was used to pull me back to the parking lot with the hydrolocked engine.
2E4E2206-A275-4200-B6DD-8C6001335C4C.jpeg 4CD31518-ED3D-4BE1-9B6C-D4281F220A13.jpeg

15 minutes in and this happened. I was on a ridge and found where the dirt was undercut from erosion. Luckily this is all that happened here.
89AC1109-7915-4BE9-91E0-BDA1EDF31760.jpeg

Some pics from the day
9B45673B-6FA6-48D4-8D4E-CD746C11FC92.jpeg 2BEBF781-430D-45E6-867E-4660A28C018D.jpeg B7819F11-AF3F-49C4-92BF-460BDEFC6EB6.jpeg D3712135-09E1-4779-A51C-72224326BBE9.jpeg

Everything was going well until we found the water runs. My brother hit it with his XJ first. He made it 1/4 of the way before getting stuck.
28495840-3F2F-45A7-9F87-F26343A46617.jpeg

I was sure I could do better so I hit it. I made it a little further, but then the engine bogged and died. I tried to start it and that’s when I realized it was hydrolocked. Oops.
57AA22E8-C45D-49B7-B4B2-DE0734F3498A.jpeg 1CF45253-5BD6-4956-83A5-01C6FDA581FD.jpeg

Good times and the outcome could have been worse!
 
Time to start porting! The head has a fast burn chamber design, so half of the intake valve is super shrouded which creates turbulance that hurts flow but makes power at low rpm. I did a lot of work in the bowls but then just blended into the ports. In the chamber I did some smoothing around the spark plug and then just did some polishing around the valves.

Here’s before:
61E670BA-AF84-4689-89A5-0A6BC829C81B.jpeg CC2A91CF-C934-4145-802A-C86CAE94E524.jpeg 364FC90C-3516-4C20-A924-AE1E315F015B.jpeg DF2EDED6-DD21-45F0-82CA-59D36A3626C1.jpeg E60B6DA8-8616-4571-A8E6-0E165DA959EC.jpeg 44010063-C84A-49FE-A98A-1E4771A27C6B.jpeg
 
After some sanding and polishing. Note that I put some epoxy in the exhaust ports. I plugged the thermactor ports and applied the epoxy to smooth the port roof. Unfortunately I realized later that the epoxy I used only has a 350 degree temp limit so I have since ground it out so I can try a different product.
95FF2603-A666-47C9-A374-47CF6E957D91.jpeg 4CA8CFA8-7B71-4A43-A51B-1225A87654F3.jpeg E942F682-AA1B-44CA-8F9B-D0EDBD563E3B.jpeg 6B8083AE-507C-40CD-98AE-B6502C300FD5.jpeg FC171DC0-9E71-4C00-AEA3-401FCF20559E.jpeg 085AB6E2-CB6C-4A51-A43F-AEE917A09D6D.jpeg 6DC03F0A-B644-4B15-959A-166F8DD56854.jpeg
 
Ok. This is when I decided to go turbo. I needed to adjust the combustion chamber volume to drop compression and also to favor flow instead of fast burn. Before I was at 69cc for the chamber volume and after I was at 75cc. I bolted the head on the bare block and scribed the cylinder outline so I could see how far I could grind the chamber out to. I also took a tip from another builder and ground my intake valve guides down more. E9D68D2D-E2F7-44FA-87EC-90F49B9B91A6.jpeg295F730C-3ACB-41C5-8A95-174AA6B58A15.jpeg7A83F078-ECF3-4E65-B31A-BD36CFBFF5CC.jpegA9ED51A8-69AC-43CC-B50E-EAE90F9BAA8E.jpeg3B99C53A-477E-42A3-8CCC-6E27A5EC1BD4.jpeg

Before on the left, after on the right. A lot of metal removed!
96D910F5-76FE-458D-9637-2C8E54092CB5.jpegE92244AF-44A1-462B-A3C8-AB8F5E09721B.jpegD63BA04F-802C-4104-B6BB-0C1F6FDD1B48.jpeg
 

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Here’s the valve guide before and after:
4FD27916-22AA-4A4A-90D1-D71865F07A65.jpeg 1BAF27BA-2E39-43B0-BEB7-A44199B93B4B.jpeg C7676A2C-6B50-4EC0-87BE-E50C4E651A49.jpeg EE121405-8BAA-4B9D-937E-BD7A8EAC3032.jpeg

Once ai had the chamber how I wanted it, I made a template out of masking tape and cardboard and transferred the outline to the other chambers.
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Here’s where I am now. All chambers are ground, sanded and polished. Next step is to buy oversize valves and have the valve job done.
E374174C-C4A1-4515-A796-CF5E5754F4BD.jpeg 31E11E65-E8B0-46E9-9D3B-1A694579ABF6.jpeg A9756B34-EE5D-4C87-9FCF-316285BDB10A.jpeg

Currently I’m busy researching fuel injection options. More to come.
 
I pick on Ford but rather push, or in this case row, a Ford than drive foriegn made.

Looking good. Have you done the math on old vs new compression ratio? That is a lot of meat gone- haha.
What turbo? Idk that engine but it’s funny as I was reading I was thinking put on your old gm turbo just to try.
Now while you are at it, get an intake snorkel so it isn’t suck water or dirt when you play. Turbos make up a lot for longer intakes.

Ceramics?
 
don't know much about porting but I'm wondering about the edge of the valve guide hole, wouldn't it be better to have a flat lip around it so no sharp edges could wear/break off?
Been wondering where you were, I see you have been busy
 
I pick on Ford but rather push, or in this case row, a Ford than drive foriegn made.

Looking good. Have you done the math on old vs new compression ratio? That is a lot of meat gone- haha.
What turbo? Idk that engine but it’s funny as I was reading I was thinking put on your old gm turbo just to try.
Now while you are at it, get an intake snorkel so it isn’t suck water or dirt when you play. Turbos make up a lot for longer intakes.

Ceramics?
I have done the math. With the stock pistons I have gone from 8.8:1 to 8.33:1. If I put in the HD pistons that are available for it then I’ll be at 8.03:1, which should be right about where I want to be.

What’s funny is other people have put thr GM turbo on and it has been a pretty good match. I have an extra CKO HX40 that needs rebuilding so that is my plan for now.

After that last excursion I made a new intake that draws air from the cowl. It will work well for me while I am using the truck as-is, but it won’t be big enough for turbo use. Plus I think the turbo will be on the passenger side so I’ll have a whole new intake situation to figure out.
F94643F6-6194-495D-B873-89AC95A0EDF4.jpeg 36F07EB9-CBCA-453C-9EB3-D6CA8FC6AE30.jpeg CB58E359-73C8-41F1-9F19-0B275722C6BB.jpeg

I have looked at 2 ceramic surface fillers that look promising.
http://www.loctite.sg/sea/content_data/93768_Fix.pdf
https://www.aremco.com/news-item/pyro-putty-2400-high-temp-metal-sealer/

Do you have any experience in this area?
 
don't know much about porting but I'm wondering about the edge of the valve guide hole, wouldn't it be better to have a flat lip around it so no sharp edges could wear/break off?
Been wondering where you were, I see you have been busy
Hmmm, not sure. A guy that has a lot more experience than me did his like that, so I figured if it was good enough for him then it was good for me.
 
Nice project.
When I want to plug ther AIR ports, I go to the parts store and buy the proper plugs for them.
I have them plugged, but I am still left with a port roof that isn’t the contour that I want. In this pic, I have a plug installed and you can see how uneven the port roof is. Note that the head is upside down so the roof is actually on the bottom right now. 72E2F7D1-68D3-4547-A89D-F76964D36CEA.jpeg

This pic shows the contouring I did with epoxy. This is more like what I want the port roof to look like. CDF3ED1A-1520-4DE4-A834-8510EA06296F.jpeg
 

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Initially *YUCK* to a 6 banger in a 1/2 ton. I have way too many miles on an anemic one, 160HP 4.3L TBI, in The Rockies. Will be interesting to see how much this wakes it up. OTH why not just start out with a V8. Given off road low speeds IMO this is where a belt drive supercharger is better than a turbo.
 
Initially *YUCK* to a 6 banger in a 1/2 ton. I have way too many miles on an anemic one, 160HP 4.3L TBI, in The Rockies. Will be interesting to see how much this wakes it up. OTH why not just start out with a V8. Given off road low speeds IMO this is where a belt drive supercharger is better than a turbo.
Sure, I have a couple 460s, so I could drop one in, but in Ford's infinite wisdom they made the bellhousing bolt pattern different so I'd have to source another transmission. Plus the truck is already set up for the 6 cylinder. It's mostly a case of trying to work with what I have, doing it on the cheap and doing what most other people don't - I find that stuff fun.
 
Just had to throw the '460 in stock' out there didn't you. Find another transmission and trade... o_O I have a real soft spot for the howl of a 460. The lower RPM torque of the 460 would be better offroad as well. A turbo 6 just isn't on par with a 460 no matter how fast it is: I have no doubt it will be quick. A 351 would not howl...
 
Just had to throw the '460 in stock' out there didn't you. Find another transmission and trade... o_O I have a real soft spot for the howl of a 460. The lower RPM torque of the 460 would be better offroad as well. A turbo 6 just isn't on par with a 460 no matter how fast it is: I have no doubt it will be quick. A 351 would not howl...
:p:p:p:p My brother picks on me for having all of the spare 460s in the area.

So THIS truck is just a little project for now......my future plans are to build an extended cab truggy with a bobbed frame. That guy is going to get a 460/C6 with my spare Dana 60 kingpin front axle. That one will howl :cool:
 
Will be neat to see, like you said not too many I-6 Fords people played with much. We had one for a while and I personally liked it, but yes it was an absolute dog.

Couple pics, sorry to pollute your thread.
CSMsaNv.jpg

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